Cancer and Cell Cycle Project - 1122 Words

Cancer and Cell Cycle Project Section A Option 1 The normal process of cell division is altered in cancerous cells typically by mutations in the genes involved in the regulation of cellular division. The number of mutations normally will begin to spread because when the genes that make DNA repairing proteins become mutated, this causes the DNA that they would be repairing to become mutated as well. Some changes allow the damaged cells to divide more quickly than normal and to invade other tissues. The cancers cells can divide even where there are signals and normal cells meant to prevent the cell growth. Proto-oncogenes are genes that code for cell division enhancing proteins or proteins that prevent typical death in a cell. When these genes become mutated, they are called oncogenes. The cell division stimulating proteins that proto-oncogenes create work in a signal transduction cascade. The signal transduction cascade is the set of steps through which a receptor in the membrane receives the signal, which is a growth factor in this case, and activates different proteins and factors, leading to the transcription factor (a protein that binds to DNA to affect the transcription of a gene) being activated and entering the nucleus. In the case of proto-oncogenes, the signal transduction cascade leads to cell division. Proto-oncogenes can become oncogenes when a proto-oncogene is mutated, the genes are rearranged, or the number of proto-oncogene copies increases. TheShow MoreRelatedCell Cycle And Dna Rn Mirnas Regulating Cellular Proliferation During Oncogenic Transformations Essay107 6 Words   |  5 PagesCurrently I’m a senior research fellow in the laboratory of DNA Replication and Cell Cycle at National Institute of Immunology, India, under the supervision of Dr. Sandeep Saxena. The main focus of the lab is to study the role of non-coding RNAs in regulation of Cell Cycle and DNA replication and also to provide mechanical insights in understanding the checkpoint response to aberrations in replication complexes. My project work is focused on understanding the role of non-coding RNA – miRNAs regulatingRead MoreThe Effects Of Cancer Paved The Road For My Life1436 Words   |  6 Pagesmother was diagnosed with cervical cancer when I was eight years old. This moment I became the parent to my mother to nurse my mother back to health following her surgery and radiation treatments. My mother’s life was spared thanks to advancing medical treatments. Intimately witnessing the impact of cancer paved the road for my passion in biomedical research. Ten years later, I began my journey at Mills College, where I obtained a B.A in Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology. While at Mills CollegeRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Cancer1303 Words   |  6 Pages Cancer, also known as malignant neoplasm, the hallmark characteristic involves uncontrolled proliferation of cells. Under normal conditions cell grow, divide and die, but in cancer cells the defect takes place at the gene level leadin g to the formation of an abnormal DNA. As genes are the basic control machines of the cell, alteration of any kind may bring devastating consequences, or malignancy. Moreover, in normal cells damage of any kind is taken care by the repair system but in cancer cellsRead MoreCancers Presence in the World1598 Words   |  6 PagesCancer represents a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, accounting for 8.2 million deaths in 2012. 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This enables the scientist to study the expression of the genesRead MoreGene Expression : The Consequences Of Human DNA And Human Genes1345 Words   |  6 Pagesexpression. Gene expression is the process by which genetic information stored in a gene dictates a cells function. This process is essential as regulatory proteins control the rate of gene expression. Gene expression is influenced by the processes performed in transcription and translation to make functional proteins. The regulation of gene expression is more complex in Eukaryotic cells then prokaryotic cells due to the nuclear membrane. The nuclear membrane in Eukaryotes divides the genetic materialRead MoreBreast Cancer Patients Treated With Endocrine Therapy1592 Words   |  7 PagesWhen it is assumed that 40 % of breast cancer patients treated with endocrine therapy are resistant to this therapy it becomes a problem within the health world, because that such a larger number of patients are not being cured from this treatment. Researchers have studied the Cyclin D1 (CCND1) amplification for being the possible cause for tamoxifen resistance. Cyclin D1 is found within 10-20% of breast cancer patients making it a prime suspect too why patients are becoming resistant to treatmentRead MoreEffects Of Cancer On The United States And Across The Globe1108 Words   |  5 PagesProblem Statement: Cancer has a major societal impact in the United States and across the globe. In 2015, an estimated 1,658,370 new cases of cancer will be diagnosed in United States, and 589,430 people are estimated to die of the disease. Unfortunately, low cancer cell availability in human samples is a current barrier for early disease detection. There is an unmet medical need to improve methods of early cancer detection so that patients can receive treatment before cancer metastasizes to otherRead MoreOur Cells Are The Building Blocks Of Our Body1274 Words   |  6 Pages Abstract Our cells are the building blocks of our body. With them we are able to fight off infections, diseases and heal us when we are damaged. Like all things our cells are also the base for some of mankind’s worst disease like cancer. But if we are able to getter a better grasp of what our cells are, how they act and why. We might one day be able cure diseases before they begin. There is said to be some 12,000 genes contained in eukaryotic cells, these cells need to be expressedRead MoreThe Use Of Rggt Inhibitors Doesn t Exhibit Any Toxicity On Mouse Models ( Taylor Et Al1239 Words   |  5 Pagestrials has been successful in decreasing mortality from lytic bone disease in multiple myeloma. There is also evidence of anti-tumour effects, such as apoptosis and arresting the cell cycle, as well as in other tumour cell types associated with bone. BPs have also been investigated in vitro on breast and prostate cancers, as they commonly metastasise to bone. Studies show inhibition of invasion and adhesion to bone, as well as anti-angiogenic features (Roelofs, et al. 2006). On the other hand, RIS